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Battle of Beicang
The Battle of Beicang (Peitsang), during the Boxer Rebellion, was fought August 5, 1900, between the Eight Nation Alliance and the Chinese army. The Chinese army was forced out of its prepared entrenchments and retreated to Yangcun.〔War Department. Adjutant General’s Office. ''Report on Military Operations in South Africa and China'', Vol. XXXIII, Washington: Gov Printing Office, July 1901, pp. 568-571〕 The Eight-Nation Alliance army at Beicang consisted of Japanese, Russian, British, American and French troops. The Japanese spearheaded the Alliance victory at Beicang.〔War Department, Adjutant General's Office, pp. 568-571〕
==Background==
On August 4, 1900, the soldiers of the Allied forces left the city of Tianjin to march towards Beijing in order to relieve the Legations under siege. The force consisted of approximately 20,000 troops from the following countries: Japan, 10,000; Russia, 4,000; Great Britain, 3,000; United States, 2,000; France, 800; Germany, 200; Austria and Italy, 100.〔War Department, Adjutant General’s Office, p. 567〕
Reconnaissance indicated that the Chinese forces were entrenched at Beicang, six miles from Tianjin, on both sides of the Hai River. The Americans, British and Japanese advanced on the west side of the river and the Russians and French advanced up the east side. The armies bivouacked the night of August 4 near Xigu Fort. The plan was for the Japanese, supported by the British and Americans, to turn the right flank of the Chinese lines and for the Russians and French to turn the left flank on the opposite side of the Hay River.〔War Department, Adjutant General’s Office, p. 570〕
The Chinese force, estimated at between 8,000-12,000, was positioned behind several lines of well-constructed earthworks with approximately 26 artillery pieces at key positions. It was, according to accounts, "a formidable position to attack".〔Landor, A. Henry Savage. ''China and the Allies''. New York: Scribner’s Sons, 1901, p. 339〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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